How to vendor prefix and minify CSS?

Writing CSS from scratch along with adding vendor prefixes can be a daunting task if done manually. Vendor prefixes can be easily added using the autoprefixer plugin of PostCSS.

Also, the size of CSS file matters because CSS files can be render blocking so you need to keep a check on the size of the CSS file. This is where cssnano comes handy.

In this tutorial, you will be able to configure and set up PostCSS, autoprefixer and cssnano to vendor prefix and minify your CSS respectively.

Prerequisites ^#

• Install nodejs

Installing PostCSS ^#

It is a tool to modify and transform your CSS. There are so many plugins for PostCSS to perform all kinds of tasks ranging from compressing CSS to using new CSS features right off the bat.

We will be using several postcss plugins to add vendor prefixes and minify CSS. But first, we need to install postcss-cli.

npm i -g postcss-cli

The postcss package can be installed from npm.

npm i postcss postcss-cli --save-dev

Auto-prefixing CSS ^#

The autoprefixer plugin uses caniuse.com to search for browser support and accordingly add vendor prefixes to CSS properties. You can install autoprefixer from npm.

npm i autoprefixer --save-dev

Now, you can autoprefix your CSS file using this command:

postcss src/styles/*.css -u autoprefixer --dir src/prefixed --no-map

The above command will parse each and every .css file inside the styles directory and use -u autoprefixer to auto-prefix files and output them in the prefixed directory. The --no-map argument is optional. If you want a source map to be generated, then remove the --no-map argument.

CSS file before prefixing:

* {
    margin: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    text-size-adjust: auto;
}

After prefixing:

* {
    margin: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;
       -moz-text-size-adjust: auto;
            text-size-adjust: auto;
}

Minifying CSS ^#

The cssnano plugin can minify/compress CSS and make it suitable for production use. Install cssnano plugin using this command:

npm i cssnano --save-dev

Minify your already vendor-prefixed CSS file using this command:

postcss src/prefixed/*.css -u cssnano --dir src/minified --no-map

It will minify all the files present in the prefixed directory and output them to the minified directory.

The final result you get is:

*{-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto;-moz-text-size-adjust:auto;text-size-adjust:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0}

Recommended ✨

• Minify Javascript Using Terser

Bonus

You can auto-prefix as well as minify CSS using one single command:

postcss src/styles/*.css -u autoprefixer cssnano --dir src/styles/production --no-map

Conclusion

Vendor-prefixing and minifying are some of the important boxes you need to check in order to make your CSS production ready. Using PostCSS, you can do so much with your CSS. There are a variety of awesome plugins available to use in postcss.